China’s record trade surplus reveals its biggest strength – and hidden weakness

The Guardian - World NewsCenter-LeftEN 3 min read 100% complete by Amy HawkinsDecember 9, 2025 at 07:52 AM

AI Summary

medium article 3 min

China's trade surplus surpassed $1 trillion in the first 11 months of 2023, highlighting its continued reliance on foreign markets despite efforts to rebalance global trade. While exports to the US plummeted due to trade tensions, overall exports grew, with increases to Southeast Asia and Europe. Experts suggest some goods are being trans-shipped through countries like Indonesia to avoid US tariffs, indicating persistent demand for Chinese products. China's dominance in manufacturing, particularly in high-tech sectors like electric vehicles and semiconductors, ensures its position as a key global exporter. The data suggests that tariffs have altered trade routes but haven't significantly impacted the overall flow of goods from China.

Key Entities & Roles

Key Player Opposition Context

Philippines 50% Malaysia 50% Indonesia 60% Li Qiang 70% United States ×380% Donald Trump ×280% China ×590%

Keywords

trade surplus 100% china 90% exports 80% us-china trade war 70% tariffs 60% global trade 60% cheap goods 50% trans-shipment 50% electric vehicles 40% foreign markets 40%