Sanctions-busting shadow ships are increasing - the big question is what to do about them

BBC News - WorldEN 11 min read 100% complete February 11, 2026 at 01:17 AM
Sanctions-busting shadow ships are increasing - the big question is what to do about them

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long article 11 min

A growing "shadow fleet" of tankers is circumventing international sanctions, primarily to transport Russian and Iranian oil. The fleet, estimated at nearly 1,500 vessels, has tripled in size since Russia's invasion of Ukraine and now constitutes a significant portion of the global tanker fleet. These ships often operate outside maritime regulations, concealing their identities and sometimes mistreating their crews, as highlighted by a complaint from a sailor aboard a sanctioned tanker. The rise of this shadow fleet, which originated with North Korea and Iran, presents a challenge to Western governments seeking to enforce sanctions and prevent the funding of conflict and repression. The central question is what actions governments can take to address this increasing sanctions evasion.

Keywords

shadow fleet 100% sanctions-busting 90% tankers 80% russian oil 70% maritime rules 70% iranian oil 70% sanctions enforcement 60% maritime intelligence 50% international transport workers federation 50% seafarers 40%

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