Did volcanic eruptions ruin China’s Ming dynasty and undermine the Qing?

The Ming dynasty's fall in 1644 is historically attributed to Li Zicheng's peasant rebel army invading Beijing. Emperor Chongzhen subsequently hanged himself, ending 276 years of Ming rule. Historians have long debated the collapse's catalysts, citing factors such as the Ming dynasty's eunuch dictatorship, internal factionalism among civil officials, widespread peasant uprisings, and the emergence of the Manchus. These internal weaknesses and external pressures are considered key elements in the dynasty's demise.