Caught between Iran and Saudi Arabia, can Pakistan stay neutral for long?

Pakistan is facing increasing pressure to abandon its neutral stance as conflict intensifies between Iran, Saudi Arabia, and US-Israel forces in March 2026. The conflict, triggered by a US-Israeli attack that killed Iran's Supreme Leader Khamenei and subsequent Iranian retaliation against Gulf states, is testing Pakistan's relationships with both Iran, with whom it shares a border, and Saudi Arabia, with whom it has a mutual defense agreement. Pakistan has condemned both the initial US-Israeli strike and Iran's retaliatory attacks, while engaging in diplomatic efforts with regional leaders. Analysts question how long Pakistan can maintain neutrality as the war escalates and Iranian attacks on Gulf countries continue. The situation is further complicated by the presence of millions of Pakistani workers in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf nations.

Pakistan is attempting to mediate between Saudi Arabia and Iran amidst escalating regional conflict. Following attacks initiated by Israel and the US against Iran, and retaliatory actions by Iran against Israel and Gulf states, Pakistan invoked its defense pact with Saudi Arabia. Pakistan's Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar has engaged with Iran, conveying assurances that Saudi soil will not be used against them. Dar has positioned Pakistan as a go-between, aiming to de-escalate tensions and manage the conflict. This situation is viewed as a test of Pakistan's evolving role in Middle Eastern security.