Bosnian Serb commander and war criminal Ratko Mladic dies in prison

Ratko Mladic, the former Bosnian Serb military chief dubbed the “Butcher of Bosnia” for his role in the 1995 Srebrenica massacre, has died, Serbian state broadcaster RTS reported on Thursday.Mladic, 84, who had suffered several strokes in recent months, was serving a life sentence in The Hague for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity after overseeing the Srebrenica slaughter, Europe’s worst act of bloodshed since second world war.Serbian state officials and Mladic’s family had appealed for his release due to his failing health, but those calls were rejected by The Hague tribunal.He was the military face of a brutal trio, led on the political side by ex-Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic and former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic, as the former Yugoslavia descended into carnage after the fall of communism.The 1992-95 war left around 100,000 people dead and 2.2 million displaced.The most infamous atrocity was committed in Srebrenica, where Serb forces under Mladic’s command executed 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys who had sought shelter in what was meant to be a UN-protected enclave.Investigators clearing away soil and debris from a tangle of dozens of bodies of Srebrenica massacre victims buried in a mass grave near the village of Pilica, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 1996. Photo: APFormer UN rights chief Zeid Ra’ad al Hussein described Mladic as “the epitome of evil” after his conviction.But most Serbs continued to revere him.“He only defended his people,” Bosnian Serb veteran Ljubo Tomovic said. “To convict him would be a disgrace and a sin,” he said before Mladic’s 2021 verdict.Mladic pushed the image of himself as “a simple man” chosen to protect his people.“Fate put me in a position to defend my country that you Western powers had devastated with the help of the Vatican and the Western mafia,” he told his appeal hearing in 2020.Yet he oversaw a siege of the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo, for more than three years, his snipers and artillery shells killing thousands of men, women and children in the streets and in their homes.Further ReadingAnd video footage from Srebrenica shows him reassuring a 12-year-old Muslim boy shortly before his soldiers massacre thousands of civilians.At roughly the same time, he is seen returning to a deserted Srebrenica, telling the camera: “We give this town to the Serb people as a gift.”Mladic formed a Serb nationalist triumvirate with Karadzic and Milosevic that unleashed a wave of ethnic killing in a bid to redraw the map of the region.From left to right: Former Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic, former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and Mladic. Photo: APWhile Karadzic was the ideologue and Milosevic the wily politician, Mladic was the soldier and his metier was waging war.Mladic had barely drawn breath before his life was indelibly marked by conflict.He was born during second world war in Kalinovik in eastern Bosnia – most accounts say in 1942, but Mladic told the tribunal he was actually born in 1943.His father was killed at the bitter end of the war, fighting for Marshal Tito, the leader who managed to knit together the multi-ethnic state of Yugoslavia and suppress simmering enmities.By most accounts, Mladic always wanted to be a soldier.He left for army training in Belgrade in the early 1960s, becoming an officer by the age of 22 and ascending to be commander of the Bosnian Serb forces in the war.Although he was revered by his men, former Yugoslav army spokesman Ljubodrag Stojadinovic once described him as “narcissistic, conceited, vain and arrogant”.During the war, he baffled international negotiators with rambling diatribes on Serbian history.In the closing days of the war, close allies questioned his mental faculties.“I respected General Mladic as a soldier and a man,” the late former Montenegrin president Momir Bulatovic told a 1990s BBC documentary.“But after three years of war, he’d lost contact with reality.”Mladic in Sarajevo in 1993. Photo: ReutersMladic was dismissed from his post after being indicted in 1995, but he evaded capture for another 16 years.At first, he led a life of luxury, pampered by the Serbian military, but the pressure on him mounted after Milosevic fell from power in 2000.He was finally arrested in May 2011 at his cousin’s country house in northern Serbia.His daughter Ana killed herself in 1994 at the age of 23, with some accounts saying she could not bear the shame of the crimes committed by her father, though Mladic’s family dispute this.His last request before being transferred to the court was to visit her grave.During all this time, his reputation grew, his wartime leadership immortalised in murals around Republika Srpska – the Serbian entity within Bosnia.“I think that this verdict propelled general Mladic straight into a legend,” said Republika Srpska leader Milorad Dodik after his life sentence was upheld.“Serbs know that without him our people would have suffered much more.”Others disagree.“Wherever their army came, wherever their boot stepped in, they committed genocide,” said Munira Subasic, president of one of the Mothers of Srebrenica associations.