Iran’s ‘Godfather of propaganda’ tactics resurface in war with US and Israel

In the lead-up to a U.S.-Iran ceasefire, Iran reportedly urged civilians, including children, to act as human shields around energy facilities, anticipating that casualties from potential U.S. strikes would sway public opinion. Experts accuse Iran of employing propaganda tactics, honed over decades, to manipulate international media and gain leverage in negotiations. They cite Iran's history of using civilian infrastructure as military shields, as seen in Lebanon and Gaza, and argue that the regime exploits its own population for propaganda purposes. With peace talks scheduled in Pakistan, observers urge skepticism, pointing to Iran's past behavior and the risk of the ceasefire being used to further manipulate the West.

Six months after a ceasefire between Israeli forces and Hamas militants in Gaza, the region remains in limbo with limited aid and unresolved issues like Hamas's disarmament. This milestone coincides with a new, fragile ceasefire in the Iran war, raising concerns about the long-term effectiveness of peacemaking efforts. The Gaza situation highlights the challenges of implementing comprehensive peace, including disarming militant groups, establishing stability, and initiating reconstruction. The U.S.-led Board of Peace, initially intended to address global conflicts, has stalled since the outbreak of the Iran war. The article suggests that the difficulties in Gaza could foreshadow similar challenges in the Iran conflict, particularly regarding the complexities of ceasefire implementation and the involvement of multiple actors.

Following large-scale Israeli attacks on Lebanon that resulted in significant casualties, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has directed his cabinet to begin ceasefire talks with Lebanon. The announcement comes after repeated calls from Beirut for direct talks. Despite the call for negotiations, Israel continues to strike Hezbollah targets in Lebanon, while Hezbollah also fires missiles into Israel. Analysts suggest the recent Israeli attacks may be an attempt to derail upcoming peace talks between the United States and Iran, as Iran has stated that a ceasefire in both Iran and Lebanon is a prerequisite for negotiations. The conflict between Israel and Hezbollah began as a result of the US-Israel war on Iran, with Hezbollah acting in defense of Tehran.

The fragile ceasefire between the US and Iran is under strain as Donald Trump accuses Iran of violating the agreement regarding the Strait of Hormuz. Trump stated Iran is not allowing oil to flow through the strait, causing disruptions to global energy supplies. Iran cites Israel's ongoing attacks on Lebanon as a reason for the blockade. Despite the tensions, a US delegation is scheduled to meet with Iranian representatives in Pakistan for peace talks. Trump has asked Israel to de-escalate its operations in Lebanon to facilitate negotiations, while Israel insists there is no ceasefire and continues to strike Hezbollah targets.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced plans for direct negotiations with Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah and establish relations, despite ongoing tensions and no formal ceasefire. The talks, potentially beginning next week in Washington D.C., aim to de-escalate conflict amid a fragile ceasefire in the broader Iran war. These developments follow Israeli strikes on Beirut and concerns over Iran's control of the Strait of Hormuz. However, US President Trump has expressed skepticism about Iran's adherence to the ceasefire regarding oil passage through the Strait of Hormuz. Negotiations between Israel and Lebanon, technically at war since 1948, represent a significant step towards regional stability, though challenges remain.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi warned the United States against allowing Israel to jeopardize the regional ceasefire through continued attacks on Lebanon. Araghchi suggested Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, facing a resumption of his corruption trial, has ulterior motives for prolonging the conflict. He stated that a region-wide ceasefire, including Lebanon, would hasten Netanyahu's jailing. Araghchi's comments mirror similar warnings from US Vice President JD Vance, who cautioned Iran against letting the ceasefire collapse over Lebanon. Disagreement over whether the ceasefire applies to Lebanon poses a significant threat to the truce's future.

A mother of newborn twins, identified as Ghada, told the BBC that her home in Lebanon was bombed, displacing her and destroying her belongings. She is among over one million people displaced in Lebanon due to intensified Israeli attacks on Hezbollah. Ghada and her babies are now sheltering in a university-turned-shelter in Sidon, Lebanon's third-largest city, which has taken in a large share of displaced families. The displacement is a result of escalating conflict, including Israeli strikes and Hezbollah rocket fire, despite a ceasefire agreement in 2024. Israel's Defence Minister stated plans to create a buffer zone in southern Lebanon, demolishing homes in villages near the Israeli border. The conflict intensified after Hezbollah fired rockets into northern Israel in retaliation for Israel's assassination of Iran's supreme leader.

Due to escalating Israeli military actions, including air attacks and a ground invasion, over one million people have been displaced across Lebanon as of April 2026. Many families fleeing the violence in southern Lebanon are seeking refuge in schools and public buildings in the mountains, such as in Qabr Chamoun. These locations have been converted into shelters providing temporary housing for those displaced. The Israeli military campaign intensified after Hezbollah launched an attack in response to the killing of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in a US-Israeli air attack in February. This recent escalation follows repeated violations by Israel of a ceasefire agreement established in late November 2024 after more than a year of cross-border attacks.

Three Indonesian peacekeepers killed in southern Lebanon last week were buried in their hometowns on Sunday. Farizal Rhomadhon died on March 29 from a projectile explosion, while Zulmi Aditya Iskandar and Muhammad Nur Ichwan died on March 30 when an explosion struck a UNIFIL logistics convoy. The incidents occurred in an area where fighting between Israel and Hezbollah has been ongoing since the start of the Middle East war. The Indonesian government has called for an investigation into the deaths and guarantees for the safety of peacekeeping forces. The soldiers were honored with military funerals, and family members mourned their loss at the burial sites.

Indonesia received the bodies of three UN peacekeepers killed in southern Lebanon during Israel's invasion of the country. The soldiers, part of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), died in separate incidents involving explosions, with one reportedly caused by Israeli tank fire. A ceremony was held in Indonesia attended by President Prabowo Subianto before the bodies were released to their families. Foreign Minister Sugiono stated that Indonesia seeks a thorough UN investigation into the deaths to ensure security guarantees for peacekeeping soldiers. UNIFIL also reported that three additional peacekeepers were wounded in a separate blast near Adeisse. The Indonesian government has promised financial support to the families of the deceased.

Israel intensified its strikes against Hezbollah in Lebanon on Saturday, targeting infrastructure in Beirut and destroying a bridge in the east to impede Hezbollah reinforcements. Explosions were reported in Beirut's southern suburbs, a frequent target of Israeli strikes amid its ground invasion in southern Lebanon. The conflict escalated after Hezbollah initiated rocket attacks on Israel in response to a US-Israeli action that killed an Iranian leader on March 2. UNIFIL reported that three peacekeepers were wounded in southern Lebanon near the border, marking the third such incident in recent days. The ongoing strikes and cross-border attacks highlight the continued tensions and violence between Israel and Hezbollah.

Israel has intensified its attacks on Lebanon this week, striking areas beyond Hezbollah's control, including a residential neighborhood north of Beirut and the Jnah neighborhood in the capital. The Israeli military claims it targeted Hezbollah infrastructure and killed senior commanders in Beirut. Strikes also continued in Hezbollah strongholds in southern Beirut and southern Lebanon. A health facility in the south was hit, killing a paramedic, and a building near Beirut's airport was destroyed after evacuation. These attacks follow Hezbollah's involvement in the regional conflict since March 2, after attacks on its ally Iran. The Lebanese army has withdrawn from some southern positions after an Israeli strike killed a soldier.

The U.S. State Department is urging Americans to leave Lebanon due to targeted threats from Iran and its proxy militias against American universities in the Middle East. The U.S. Embassy in Beirut describes the security situation as volatile, citing airstrikes, drones, and rocket attacks throughout the country, particularly in the south, Beqaa, and parts of Beirut. Americans in southern Lebanon, near the Syrian border, in refugee settlements, and in Beirut's southern suburbs are strongly encouraged to depart immediately. Commercial flights are available from Beirut Rafic Hariri airport, and the U.S. Embassy is offering limited emergency passport services. Routine consular services, including visa operations, are suspended, and travel to Lebanon is not advised.

The deaths of three Indonesian peacekeepers in southern Lebanon have prompted calls for Indonesia to reassess its Middle East policy. Analysts and lawmakers are questioning the risks of overseas deployments in the region and the limits of diplomatic protection amid escalating conflict. The incidents, which also injured five other peacekeepers, have led to pressure on Indonesia to intensify diplomatic efforts and seek accountability from Israel. There are also calls to evaluate Indonesia's membership in the Board of Peace, which includes Israel, and its plan to send troops to Gaza as part of a US-led stabilization force. Indonesia's Foreign Ministry condemned the attacks on the UNIFIL, citing a deteriorating security environment due to Israeli military operations.

Since March 2026, intensified Israeli attacks on southern Lebanon have severely impacted the healthcare system. According to Lebanon's Ministry of Public Health, Israeli strikes have killed 53 medical workers, destroyed 87 ambulances or medical centers, and forced five hospitals to close. Experts and analysts suggest this destruction is intended to displace the population from the south. These attacks and evacuation orders are cutting people off from essential medical care. The World Health Organization has also reported direct attacks on health facilities. The conflict escalated after Hezbollah claimed an attack in retaliation for the assassination of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, leading Israel to expand its strikes and issue mass evacuation orders, displacing 1.2 million people.

Due to the ongoing US-Israel war with Iran, over a million people have been displaced in Lebanon, particularly after Israel issued evacuation orders for southern regions. This displacement follows intensified Israeli campaigns against Hezbollah in Lebanon, triggered by rocket fire into northern Israel. Displaced families, many from Hezbollah-supported areas, are struggling with overwhelmed shelters and are forced to sleep in cars or makeshift tents. The BBC spoke with displaced families, including children and pregnant women, highlighting their difficult living conditions amid the conflict. The situation is particularly dire as families face extreme weather conditions and a lack of adequate shelter.

The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) warned that Lebanon faces a potential "humanitarian catastrophe" due to Israel's intensified bombardment and ground invasion, which began in early March. According to the UN, over 1.2 million people have been displaced across the country, including areas from southern Lebanon to Beirut. UNHCR's representative stated that Lebanon's shelter system is struggling to accommodate the increasing number of displaced families, who are living in constant fear due to the strikes. The attacks intensified after Hezbollah fired rockets into Israel following the assassination of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The UNHCR expressed concern about the psychological impact on children.

In March 2026, Lebanon is experiencing a second large-scale Israeli attack within two years, exacerbating the suffering of its population amidst a US-Israeli war on Iran. Approximately a quarter of Lebanon's population has been displaced due to Israeli evacuation orders in the south and Beirut's southern suburbs. The renewed conflict began after Hezbollah retaliated for the assassination of Iran's Supreme Leader, ending a fragile ceasefire that had been in place since November 2024. Israel has intensified attacks on southern Lebanon and declared its intention to occupy the region, leading to increased frustration and fatigue among Lebanese civilians due to ongoing violence, economic strain, and uncertainty about the conflict's duration. Foreigners are said to be the most vulnerable.

Israel is increasing its military presence in southern Lebanon, deploying Division 162 to expand a "buffer zone" despite international concerns. This action follows intensified Israeli attacks in early March, initiated after Hezbollah fired rockets into Israel following the assassination of the Iranian Supreme Leader. The Israeli military has conducted aerial and ground attacks, displacing over 1.2 million people in southern Lebanon and Beirut suburbs, leading to a humanitarian crisis. As of late March 2026, Israeli attacks have killed over 1,100 and wounded over 3,200, according to Lebanon's Ministry of Health. Despite international calls for de-escalation, Israel plans to create a larger buffer zone and prevent Lebanese citizens from returning to their southern homes.

In March 2026, growing opposition within Israel is challenging the government's military strategy in southern Lebanon. According to Al Jazeera, the rising dissent stems from concerns about the potential for an open-ended conflict. Critics question the effectiveness of the current approach, given Hezbollah's continued strength and presence in the region. The opposition raises doubts about the long-term implications of the ongoing military actions in Lebanon. The debate centers on the sustainability and goals of Israel's involvement in the conflict.