What we know about the protests sweeping Iran

Protests began in Iran in late December 2025 due to soaring prices and the plummeting rial, which hit a record low against the US dollar. Starting with shopkeepers in Tehran, the demonstrations spread across the country, evolving into a broader challenge against the ruling clerics. The economic conditions stem from factors including a war with Israel in June 2025, the reimposition of UN sanctions in September 2025, and changes to the national fuel subsidy system. The rial has sharply declined, leading to significant inflation, with food prices rising dramatically. The government's response to the protests has included a crackdown resulting in deaths and internet blackouts. The situation continues to unfold as of January 2026.