'Ebola has tortured us': Fear grips eastern DR Congo as deadly virus spreads

As of Tuesday, there were 514 suspected cases, with 136 people believed to have died from the virus, officials said. One person has also died in neighbouring Uganda.Cases have also been identified in Butembo city and rebel-controlled Goma in North Kivu province, as well as in South Kivu province.Health officials say that several deaths occurred in the community without being reported to the authorities, meaning they could not be investigated at the time.According to the health ministry, formal community alerts were only registered from 8 May."At community level, this hasn't been effective," Dr Kamba explained. "It means someone may have died before him [the presumed index case], or someone else may have been sick before him, but no one reported it."He added: "We really need to look within the community to understand what happened - how people became ill and sometimes even died without any report being filed."A virus hiding in plain sightThe outbreak has been caused by the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola. DR Congo - which is currently facing its 17th outbreak of Ebola - is more familiar with the Zaïre species.Bundibugyo has caused only two outbreaks before - in 2007 and 2012 - where it killed around 30% of people infected.Dr Kamba explained the symptoms: "There is heavy bleeding everywhere, very high fever. But Bundibugyo can show fewer obvious signs, which delays diagnosis because people think, 'No, this is just malaria.'"That delay, officials say, may have allowed the virus to spread silently.In Mongwalu, some deaths were attributed not to illness, but to witchcraft. The belief became known locally as the "coffin phenomenon" - the idea that anyone who touched the coffin of a deceased person would also die.International charity Save the Children said the Bundibugyo strain has not been seen in Ituri before. The limited testing that was available in the province was testing for the Zaïre strain and not coming up positive. "By the time the Bundibugyo strain was detected, it had already spread quite far. We are in a game of catch-up," its DR Congo representative Greg Ramm said in a statement.Authorities warn that the spread of the virus into large urban centres presents serious challenges. Despite Dr Kamba's visit to Bunia over the weekend, residents feel that progress to curb the spread of the virus has been slow."If there's no treatment centre here in the capital," one resident asked, "then what about other areas?"Bunia in Ituri, and Butembo and Goma in North Kivu, are home to hundreds of thousands of people, yet none has a fully operational Ebola treatment centre five days into the declaration of the outbreak.Residents in Goma - eastern DR Congo's biggest city - tell the BBC that basic public health measures, such as avoiding handshakes, limiting gatherings and regular handwashing, are widely ignored."I'm heading to the border to report on people stranded there," said José Mutanava, a local journalist. "I'm wearing a face mask, but not many people are."Another resident, who asked not to be named, said: "Nobody can follow the barrier measures - maybe only when we see more deaths. Today in the city centre I saw only four people wearing masks."Others say daily survival takes priority. "It's too much to ask people struggling to eat to follow these rules," one resident said.